Get Involved/development/Set up a development environment
Information
Note
Source code for KDE software lives on KDE Invent. But before you can work on it, you'll need to set up a development environment: a set of tools that allows you to access and edit the source code, compile it into a form that the computer can run, and deploy it to a safe location. We will now go through the process of setting one up. To accomplish these tasks, you will need to enter commands using a terminal program, such as KDE's Konsole.
If you're not familiar with the command line interface, you can find tutorials here. However, advanced command-line skills are not required, and you will learn what you need along the way!
Install basic tools
First you will need to use your operating system's package manager to install some basic tools:
- KDE Neon/Kubuntu/Ubuntu/Debian:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install git - Arch/Manjaro:
sudo pacman -S git - Fedora:
sudo dnf install git perl perl-IPC-Cmd perl-MD5 perl-FindBin - openSUSE Tumbleweed:
sudo zypper refresh && sudo zypper install git
Configure Git
We need to set your authorship information properly so that any changes you make can be properly attributed to you:
git config --global user.name "Your Name" git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
The name you provide should be your actual name, not your KDE Identity username or a pseudonym. And the email address must be the same as the email address used for your https://bugs.kde.org account. If they don't match, then the BUG: and FEATURE: keywords won't work (see this page for more information).
Next, in order to authenticate yourself when pushing code changes, you need to add an ssh key to your GitLab profile as described here.
Set up kde-builder
kde-builder is the official KDE meta-build-system tool. It is used to manage the building of many software repositories in an automated fashion. Its primary purpose is to manage dependencies. Every software has dependencies: other pieces of software that provide lower-level functionality they rely on. In order to compile any piece of software, its dependencies must be available.
Information
KDE software has two types of dependencies: dependencies on other pieces of KDE software, and dependencies on 3rd-party software. For example, the KDE application KCalc depends on more than 20 other KDE git repositories as well as the Qt toolkit.
Some Linux distributions do not provide development packages for KDE Frameworks and of other libraries that are up-to-date enough for us to build from the "main" branch of the KDE git repositories (the branch where the development of the next software versions takes place), so we use kde-builder to compile them ourselves. The goal is to avoid using KDE binaries, KDE libraries and other KDE files from the operating system where possible (in the Linux case, these files reside in the /usr directory).
Installation
Install kde-builder: https://invent.kde.org/ashark/kde-builder#installation
Install kdesrc-build: https://invent.kde.org/sdk/kdesrc-build#install-kdesrc-build
If you are using Arch Linux, you would prefer to install and update the script via AUR package:
Setup
Let's set it up now! First, create a new directory for all the KDE source code. You will need many gigabytes of free disk space. Budget 50 GB for KDE Frameworks + KDE Plasma, and 10-30 GB more for some apps as well.
Next, some distros need source repos enabled before you can install the development packages you need. Do that now, if needed:
- KDE neon/Debian/Ubuntu/Kubuntu/etc:
sudo sed -i '/^# deb-src/s/^# //' /etc/apt/sources.list && sudo apt update. Look at the content of the file/etc/apt/sources.list, e.g.cat /etc/apt/sources.list. Each line that starts with "deb " should be followed by an identical line but the line should start with "deb-src ", e.g.:
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ noble main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ noble main restricted
- openSUSE Tumbleweed:
sudo zypper mr -e $(zypper repos | awk '/source/{print $5}')
With that done, it's time to run the initial setup program, which will make some changes to your ~/.bashrc (or ~/.zshrc for zsh users) and install the necessary binary packages from your Linux operating system:
./kde-builder --initial-setup source ~/.bashrc
The step ./kde-builder --initial-setup above installs the Linux binary packages that are needed such that kde-builder can build all of the KDE Frameworks.
For more details about installing the needed Linux binary packages, see Get_Involved/development/Install_the_dependencies
Handling dependencies after setup
The kde-builder --initial-setup command invokes kde-builder --install-distro-packages as one of the steps. It installs 3rd-party dependencies once run. But they can change over time, and kde-builder is currently not smart enough to track those changes and apply them later; see https://invent.kde.org/sdk/kdesrc-build/-/issues/9 for more details.
So after setup, if you want to ensure you do not miss some 3rd party dependency do the following:
- Update kde-builder itself. This will update its
data/pkg/*.ini, which lists the required dependencies. - Invoke installation command again:
kde-builder --install-distro-packages.
If you still find any external dependencies needed to build KDE software that were not installed with kde-builder --install-distro-packages, then please send a merge request to the kdesrc-build repository to include the needed packages in the list.
Set up Qt
Qt is the fundamental framework that is needed for pretty much all KDE development. A recent enough version of Qt 6, currently Qt version greater or equal to 6.6, is required to proceed.
The initial setup of kde-builder should have installed the required Qt6 packages for you already.
If your Linux distribution does not provide recent versions of qt packages, it may be a good time to switch distros to something better suited for building KDE software from source code either as the primary operating system or in a virtual machine.
Disable indexing for your development environment
You'll want to disable indexing for your development-related git repos and the files they will build and install. Add the directory ~/kde to the exclusions list in System Settings > Workspace > Search > File Search, like so:
Next Steps
Reboot your computer and log back in so the package changes take effect on your user account. Once that's done, your development environment is set up and ready to build software. Time to learn how to use kde-builder tool to build software from source code!