Get Involved/development/IDE configuration/CLion: Difference between revisions

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[https://www.jetbrains.com/clion/ CLion] is a proprietary IDE for C++ from JetBrains.
Moved to https://develop.kde.org/docs/getting-started/building/ide/clion/
 
== Install CLion ==
 
Follow the [https://www.jetbrains.com/help/clion/installation-guide.html Install CLion] documentation.
 
If using Arch Linux, you can install the AUR package [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/clion clion].
 
== Setup a KDE project in CLion ==
 
In this article we will use ''dolphin'' as an example project. Prerequisite is that you have successfully built a project following kdesrc-build setup procedure. This article assumes your username is {{ic|username}}, and the kdesrc-build setup path is {{ic|/home/username/kde/}}. Replace them to the your values in the specified commands.
 
=== Importing project ===
 
In the "Welcome to Clion" window press "Open" button. In the "Open File or Project", chose a root folder of ''dolphin'' project ({{ic|~/kde/src/dolphin}}) or select the {{ic|CMakeLists.txt}} file in that directory. It will ask how do you want to open it. Press "Open as Project" for file, or "Open as CMake project" for directory.
 
[[File:Clion open as cmake project.png|frameless|300px|open as cmake project]]
 
=== CMake profile ===
 
After previous step, the new window will open to setup cmake profile. You can reach these settings later by going to '''Settings | Build, Execution, Deployment | CMake'''. Choose ''Debug'' build. In the ''Generator'', set "Let Cmake decide". In the ''Build directory'', specify the build directory path, for this example it will be {{ic|/home/username/kde/build/dolphin}}.
 
[[File:Clion build configuration.png|frameless|700px|build configuration]]
 
In this same window, under CMake options, we must set some important variables such as CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH. If the prefix was in "/home/username/kde", then the CMake options line would look like:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="ini">
-DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr
-DCMAKE_MODULE_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib64/cmake:/home/username/kde/usr/lib/cmake
-DQT_PLUGIN_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib64/plugins:/home/username/kde/usr/lib/plugins
-DXDG_DATA_DIRS=/home/username/kde/usr/share
</syntaxhighlight>
 
You probably would want to save that to file `~/kde/clion_cmake_options.txt` for future use.
 
Press OK.
 
=== Run/Debug Configuration ===
 
In the run/debug target (in the upper right corner of main window), select "dolphin".
 
[[File:Clion select run debug configuration.png|frameless|300px|select run debug configuration]]
 
Expand it and choose Edit.
 
[[File:Clion go to run debug configuration edit.png|frameless|300px|go to run debug configuration edit]]
 
The Run/Debug Configurations window will appear.
 
[[File:Clion run debug configuration.png|frameless|500px|run debug configuration]]
 
In the Environment variables field click edit button.
 
You can add variables in there manually or reuse exports from <code>prefix.sh</code> script from build directory.
 
Note: if you want to modify debugging output messages, you can add corresponding variables there. See [[Guidelines and HOWTOs/Debugging/Using Error Messages#Controlling_Messages]].
 
==== Variants to setup environment variables ====
[[File:Clion run environment variables.png|frameless|400px|run debug variables configuration]]
 
===== Reusing existing prefix.sh =====
 
For convenience, copy the <code>/home/username/kde/build/dolphin/prefix.sh</code> to <code>/home/username/kde/clion_run_environment.sh</code>. [https://www.jetbrains.com/help/clion/2023.2/run-debug-configuration.html#envvars-progargs Use] the following syntax for setting variables in that script: <code>export VAR=value</code>.
 
In the Environment Variables dialog, in the Load Variables from file field, paste the path {{ic|/home/username/kde/clion_run_environment.sh}}.
 
While it is possible to specify some additional variables alongside with environment script (as specified in [[#Setting variables manually]]), it may be inconvenient to edit them in case you want to keep the same variables for many run/debug configurations. For example, when you decide to change the QT_MESSAGE_PATTERN. There is a way to keep them in one place, while having control over them.
 
The environment script supports sourcing another script. So we need to place our common environment variables to separate file:
 
{{hbc-hl|bash|~/kde/qt_logging_environment.sh|code=
export QT_FORCE_STDERR_LOGGING=1
export QT_LOGGING_RULES='ark*=true;kf.coreaddons=false;kf.service.services=false;kf.service.sycoca=false;qt.qpa.wayland=false;kf.moretools=false;default=false'
export QT_MESSAGE_PATTERN='[%{time hh:mm:ss} %{if-debug}D%{endif}%{if-info}I%{endif}%{if-warning}W%{endif}%{if-critical}C%{endif}%{if-fatal}F%{endif}] %{function} %{file}:%{line} %{message}'
}}
 
and source it from the first file:
 
{{hbc-hl|bash|~/kde/clion_run_environment.sh|code=
...
source /home/username/kde/qt_logging_environment.sh
}}
 
But keep in mind, you need to touch the original script for changes to be applied. See [https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/CPP-35329/Load-variables-from-file-is-updated-only-when-changing-script-itself-ignores-changes-of-other-scripts-sourced-from-it CPP-35329].
 
===== Setting variables manually =====
 
Take the content of the generated environment script:
{{hbc-hl|bash|~/kde/build/dolphin/prefix.sh|3=
export PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/bin:$PATH
 
# LD_LIBRARY_PATH only needed if you are building without rpath
# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
 
export XDG_DATA_DIRS=/home/username/kde/usr/share:${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/}
export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=/home/username/kde/usr/etc/xdg:${XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:-/etc/xdg}
 
export QT_PLUGIN_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/plugins:$QT_PLUGIN_PATH
export QML2_IMPORT_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qml:$QML2_IMPORT_PATH
 
export QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_STYLE_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qml/QtQuick/Controls.2/:$QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_STYLE_PATH
}}
 
and translate it to the form of variables list that you can paste to CLion. Note that their variables have trailing '$' sign. In order to reuse it when loading other KDE projects in CLion, save it to the file:
 
{{hbc-hl|lang=bash|2=~/kde/clion_run_environment.txt|3=
PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/bin:$PATH$
XDG_DATA_DIRS=/home/username/kde/usr/share:$XDG_DATA_DIRS$:/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/}
XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=/home/username/kde/usr/etc/xdg:$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS$:/etc/xdg
QT_PLUGIN_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/plugins:$QT_PLUGIN_PATH$
QML2_IMPORT_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qml:$QML2_IMPORT_PATH$
QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_STYLE_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qml/QtQuick/Controls.2/:$QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_STYLE_PATH$
}}
 
Then in the Environment Variables dialog, paste the contents of the {{ic|~/kde/clion_run_environment.txt}}.
 
== Tips and Tricks ==
 
=== Set defaults for new projects ===
 
For convenience, you can specify default settings for new opened projects. This allows you to not set it manually for each new project you open in CLion.
 
Go to '''File | New Projects Setup | Settings for New Projects'''. The '''Build, Execution, Deployment | CMake''' page will be opened. Open the ''Debug'' profile.
 
In the ''Generator'' field choose 'Let CMake decide'.
 
In the ''Build directory'' field type: <code>$PROJECT_DIR$/../../build/$PROJECT_NAME$</code>.
 
Press OK button.
 
=== JetBrains Dolphin Plugin ===
 
[https://github.com/alex1701c/JetBrainsDolphinPlugin JetBrains Dolphin Plugin] is a service menu plugin (context menu action) which allows you to easily open folders as ide projects.
 
You can install it from the store.kde.org (in the ''Configure Dolphin'' choose ''Context Menu'', then press ''Download New Services...'' button. Search for ''Jetbrains Dolphin Plugin'' by alex1701c).
 
If using Arch Linux, you will prefer to install from [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/kf5-servicemenus-jetbrains-dolphin-plugin-git AUR].
 
=== JetBrains Runner ===
 
You can install [https://github.com/alex1701c/JetBrainsRunner JetBrainsRunner] search plugin to be able to quickly open recent projects in JetBrains IDEs.
 
If you using Arch Linux, you will prefer to install from [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/plasma5-runners-jetbrains-runner-git AUR].
 
=== Plugins for CLion ===
 
==== Qt6Renderer ====
 
Currently, the Qt classes do not support pretty printing in debugger in CLion out of the box. See [https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/CPP-605/Qt-types-renderers Bug CPP-605] for more information.
 
You can install [https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/19882-qt6-renderer Qt6Renderer] plugin by Nikita Kobzev. Note that currently it works only with lldb debugger.
 
==== GNU GetText files support ​(*.​po)​ ====
 
Install the [https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/7123-gnu-gettext-files-support--po- GetText files support ​(*.​po)​] plugin. It will make the source lines in the po files clickable.
 
For example, you search the strings in local language, to find the place in code where it is used, you find it in *.po files. They contain stanzas like this:
{{hbc-hl|po|~/kde/src/ark/po/ru/ark.po|
#: part/part.cpp:132
#, kde-format
msgid "Comment has been modified."
msgstr "Комментарий был изменен."
}}
 
You want to quickly jump to the source file. That source file ({{ic|part/part.cpp:132}}) becomes a clickable link if you install the plugin.
 
=== Non-project executable to run ===
 
When developing a library, it may be convenient to launch some application that uses it, from the current project. For example, you work with Ark's libraries used in Dolphin context menu actions. You can make your run configuration to launch custom binary - dolphin.
 
To do that, open '''Run/Debug Configurations''' window, click "+" button to add a new configuration, choose type ''CMake Application''. The new configuration will appear. Give it a meaningful name, for example ''ark (run dolphin)''. In ''Target'' field choose ''All Targets''. In the ''Executable'' field, specify path to dolphin binary: ''/home/username/kde/build/dolphin/bin/dolphin''. In the ''Environment Variables'' set it up as described in the corresponding section.
 
Now when you run this configuration, the Ark will be built, but Dolphin will be launched.
 
== Under rework ==
 
This section is not accurate. Needs reworking.
 
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:400px; overflow:auto;">
 
A screen recording version is available https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_V5AqMj2fWc
 
Note that I tell kdesrc-build to use the CMake generator "Unix Makefiles" by commenting out the line <code>cmake-generator</code> from the kdesrc-buildrc configuration file. I also need to configure kdesrc-build to use the CMake build configuration "Debug" in order to be able to use the debugger in the IDE, and I use more than 4 CPU threads. For more details see the wiki page for the IDE [[Get_Involved/development/IDE_configuration/Qt_Creator|QtCreator]].
 
<pre>
cmake-options -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
...
num-cores 14
...
#cmake-generator Kate - Ninja
</pre>
 
Build a KDE project e.g.
<pre>
kdesrc-build kcalc --debug
</pre>
 
Look at the output, write down the part similar to:
{{bc|1=
        Running cmake targeting Unix Makefiles...
        cd /home/username/kde/build/kcalc
 
run_logged_command(): Module kcalc, Command: cmake -B . -S /home/username/kde/src/kcalc -G Unix Makefiles -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS:BOOL=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DBUILD_WITH_QT6=ON -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS:STRING=-pipe -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/username/kde/usr -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64
        Setting environment variable {{color|green|XDG_DATA_DIRS}} to {{color|lime|/home/username/kde/usr/share:/usr/share/plasma:/usr/local/share:/usr/share:/var/lib/snapd/desktop}}
        Setting environment variable {{color|green|PATH}} to {{color|lime|/home/username/kde/usr/bin:/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64/bin:/home/username/.local/bin:/home/username/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin}}
        Setting environment variable {{color|green|CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}} to {{color|lime|/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64/lib/cmake:/home/username/kde/usr/lib64/cmake:/home/username/kde/usr/lib/cmake}}
        Setting environment variable {{color|green|PKG_CONFIG_PATH}} to {{color|lime|/home/username/kde/usr/lib/pkgconfig:/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64/lib/pkgconfig}}
        Setting environment variable {{color|green|LD_LIBRARY_PATH}} to {{color|lime|/home/username/kde/usr/lib:/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64/lib}}
        Setting environment variable CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH to {{color|lime|/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64:/home/username/kde/usr}}
        Setting environment variable {{color|green|QT_PLUGIN_PATH}} to {{color|lime|/home/username/kde/usr/lib64/plugins:/home/username/kde/usr/lib/plugins}}
}}
 
In the "Welcome to CLion" wizard > "Open" > "/home/username/kde/src/kcalc/CMakeLists.txt" > OK. The dialog "Open Project CMakeLists.txt is a project file. Would you like to open the project?" is shown, select "Open as Project". Enable check box "Trust projects in ~/kde/src" > "Trust Project" button. In the "Open Project Wizard" dialog select "OK".
 
Look at the the part that you have written down from the output of <code>kdesrc-build kcalc --debug</code>.
In Settings > Build, Execution, Deployment select the "Debug" CMake "Profile". "Generator:" "Let CMake decide", "Build directory:" "/home/username/kde/build/kcalc".
 
CMake options:
<pre>
-G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS:BOOL=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DBUILD_WITH_QT6=ON -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS:STRING=-pipe -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/username/kde/usr -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64
</pre>
 
From the text above, prepare the variables and value definitions like this:
<syntaxhighlight lang="ini">
XDG_DATA_DIRS=/home/username/kde/usr/share:/usr/share/plasma:/usr/local/share:/usr/share:/var/lib/snapd/desktop
PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/bin:/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64/bin:/home/username/.local/bin:/home/username/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin
CMAKE_MODULE_PATH=/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64/lib/cmake:/home/username/kde/usr/lib64/cmake:/home/username/kde/usr/lib/cmake
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib/pkgconfig:/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64/lib/pkgconfig
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib:/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64/lib
CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/home/username/Qt/6.6.0/gcc_64:/home/username/kde/usr
QT_PLUGIN_PATH=/home/username/kde/usr/lib64/plugins:/home/username/kde/usr/lib/plugins
</syntaxhighlight>
 
Select the text block above and in "Environment:" click on the button with the tooltip "Paste". Press "OK" button.
 
<pre>
rm -rf ~/kde/build/kcalc
</pre>
In the bottom left select the button with the tooltip CMake, this will open the CMake tool window. Press the Clear All button, press the "Reload CMake Project" button. Make sure that the output is correct.
From the CLion main menu > Build > Rebuild "kcalc".
 
From the CLion main menu > Run > Edit Configurations... > kcalc > Environment variables: > use the button with the tooltip "Paste" to paste the same text block as above in the "Settings > Build, Execution, Deployment" >"Environment:".
 
Now you can run kcalc correctly, from the CLion main menu > Run > Run 'kcalc' Shift + F10.
 
Now you can debug kcalc correctly, from the CLion main menu > Run > Debug 'kcalc' Shift + F9.
 
If CLion starts the process kcalc (for running or for debugging), you can make sure that the process was started correctly. In Clion >  in the bottom left button "Debug Alt + 5" > tab "GDB" > run the command <code>info proc</code>. It says:
<pre>
(gdb) info proc
process 89954
cmdline = '/home/username/kde/build/kcalc/bin/kcalc'
cwd = '/home/username/kde/build/kcalc/bin'
exe = '/home/username/kde/build/kcalc/bin/kcalc'
</pre>
 
In a terminal:
<pre>
xargs -0 printf %s\\n < /proc/89954/environ
</pre>
The value of the environment variables should be the same as in part that you have written down from the output of <code>kdesrc-build kcalc --debug</code>.
 
[https://nmariusp.github.io/kde/clion.html Another draft of this article].
</div>

Latest revision as of 17:44, 18 April 2024

Moved to https://develop.kde.org/docs/getting-started/building/ide/clion/

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