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| Flatpak is a solution for creating sandboxed software builds for GNU/Linux systems. You can find more information [http://flatpak.org/ here].
| | The development information of this page has been moved [https://develop.kde.org/docs/build/flatpak/ here]. |
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| = Applications =
| | The usage information of this page has been moved [https://userbase.kde.org/Tutorials/Flatpak here]. |
| We are building release versions of most KDE applications and distributing them on flathub, https://flathub.org.
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| We are also building nightlies of most KDE applications and distributing them at https://distribute.kde.org. This has the master version of the applications, so expect some unstable development quirks; on the bright side, if you find one, you get to tell the developers so they can fix it!
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| The "app store" or software center in many distributions is able to install Flatpaks.
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| You can simply open the flatpakrepo files with Discover or your otherwise favorite software center:
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| * https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
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| * https://distribute.kde.org/kdeapps.flatpakrepo
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| and then when you search for a KDE application it should offer to install the flatpak version.
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| Here's how to install a Flatpak application from the terminal:
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
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| flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists kdeapps --from https://distribute.kde.org/kdeapps.flatpakrepo
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| flatpak install kdeapps org.kde.okular
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| If you added both the Flathub and kdeapps repos, the `flatpak` command-line tool will prompt you which one you want, something like:
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| <syntaxhighlight>
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| flatpak install skrooge
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| Looking for matches…
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| Remotes found with refs similar to ‘skrooge’:
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| 1) ‘flathub’ (system)
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| 2) ‘kdeapps’ (system)
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| Which do you want to use (0 to abort)? [0-2]: 2
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| Found ref ‘app/org.kde.skrooge/x86_64/master’ in remote ‘kdeapps’ (system).
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| Use this ref? [Y/n]: y
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| == Build status ==
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| The Continuous Integration that triggers many of the nightly flatpak builds is at https://binary-factory.kde.org. If a flatpak is not updated or has a problem, you may be able to look at build logs here and puzzle out why.
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| = For developers =
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| == Qt and KF5 Runtime ==
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| We provide a runtime with Qt and all KDE Frameworks 5 (except for the 4th tier) to make sure it's easily adaptable for any KDE Application and possibly most Qt-based applications as well.
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| Installing a KDE application's flatpak should automatically install an appropriate version of the runtime.
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| This runtime, and optionally its SDK for program development, can be added by following these instructions:
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| flatpak install flathub org.kde.Platform//5.15
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| flatpak install flathub org.kde.Sdk//5.15
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| {{ Note | All flatpak commands (such as <code>remote-add</code> and <code>install</code>) accept a <code>--user</code> option to install things at the user level, without being prompted for the sudo password every time. }}
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| == Compile your application ==
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| Now you get to compile your favorite application. If you want to see how it's done, you can see some of the ones that have already been built. You can find it [https://invent.kde.org/packaging/flatpak-kde-applications/ here].
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| To compile applications, you should create a json file similar to the ones in the previous link. Then you'd just need to trigger the build and get it into a repository. For testing, I recommend just creating a local one (to publish an rsync will be required).
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| mkdir app repo
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| flatpak-builder --ccache --repo=repo --subject="Build of AWESOMEAPP `date`" app org.kde.AWESOMEAPP.json
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| This will do everything required and create a repository in ./repo. To test the application we add the repository (called remotes), we install the application and then we run it:
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| flatpak remote-add awesomeapp repo --no-gpg-verify
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| flatpak install awesomeapp org.kde.AWESOMEAPP
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| flatpak run org.kde.AWESOMEAPP
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| Now you will see that some things don't work and you'll have the privilege to start fixing things!
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| == Contribute! ==
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| In the following repositories you'll find the code in charge of packaging the runtime (Qt 5 and KF5) and then several (but not all, yet) KDE Applications.
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| * Runtime: https://invent.kde.org/packaging/flatpak-kde-runtime/
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| * Applications: https://invent.kde.org/packaging/flatpak-kde-applications/
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| * Our XDG portals: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/xdg-desktop-portal-kde/
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| == Flatpak portals ==
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| Portals are high-level session bus APIs that provide selective access to resources to sandboxed applications. The implicit expectation of portals is that the user will always be involved in granting or rejecting a portal request, thus most portal APIs will lead to user interaction in the form of dialogs.
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| Since such dialogs must fit into the user experience of the desktop shell, the portal APIs are implemented by a generic frontend called [https://github.com/flatpak/xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal] which calls out to desktop-specific implementations that provide the actual UI. The bus name through which the portal APIs are available is org.freedesktop.portal.Desktop, with the object path /org/freedesktop/portal/desktop implementing the various portal interfaces.
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| {{ Note | You can find more information about flatpak portals [https://github.com/flatpak/flatpak/wiki/Portals here]. }}
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| === KDE implementation of portals ===
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| The KDE backend for flatpak portals is called [https://invent.kde.org/plasma/xdg-desktop-portal-kde xdg-desktop-portal-kde] and is now part of Plasma releases (starting with Plasma 5.10). Currently it supports most of the portals. If you want to test KDE flatpak portals, you can use this [https://invent.kde.org/libraries/xdg-portal-test-kde simple test app].
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| ====Debugging portals====
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| To get some debug information, you first kill the running '''xdg-desktop-portal-kde''' instance. Then first start xdg-desktop-portal-kde with:
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| QT_LOGGING_RULES='xdg-desktop*.debug=true' /usr/lib/$(uname -m)-linux-gnu/libexec/xdg-desktop-portal-kde
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| then in another terminal session restart '''xdg-desktop-portal''' with:
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| G_MESSAGES_DEBUG=all /usr/libexec/xdg-desktop-portal --verbose --replace
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| You can use above mentioned testing application to test various portals. You should then see debug output from xdp-kde similar to:
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| xdg-desktop-portal-kde: Desktop portal registered successfuly
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| xdg-desktop-portal-kde-file-chooser: OpenFile called with parameters:
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| xdg-desktop-portal-kde-file-chooser: handle: "/org/freedesktop/portal/desktop/request/1_255/t"
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| xdg-desktop-portal-kde-file-chooser: parent_window: "x11:1"
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| xdg-desktop-portal-kde-file-chooser: title: "Flatpak test - open dialog"
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| xdg-desktop-portal-kde-file-chooser: options: QMap(("accept_label", QVariant(QString, "Open (portal)"))("filters", QVariant(QDBusArgument, ))("modal", QVariant(bool, true))("multiple", QVariant(bool, true)))
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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| You can see which portal has been called, whether it has been called or when you check output from '''xdg-desktop-portal''' then you should see message in case of portal error (usually related to DBus). You can also monitor dbus messages using '''dbus-monitor''', which indicates whether portals get involved at all as everything goes through DBus.
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| = Styles and integration with other desktops =
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| We are aware that not everyone is using KDE/Qt applications in Plasma desktop. For this flatpak comes with extensions, where you specify a directory (with themes, icons) where third-party is allowed to install additional stuff as an addition to what we have in our runtimes. At this moment we have added support for Gnome in form of adwaita icons and adwaita-qt style. All you need to is install following extensions using commands below:
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
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| flatpak install flathub org.freedesktop.Platform.Icontheme.Adwaita
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| flatpak install flathub org.kde.KStyle.Adwaita
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| flatpak install flathub org.kde.PlatformTheme.QGnomePlatform
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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